One of the primary themes in the reading passage is the "race" for cost-competitiveness. Historically, fossil fuels like coal and gas were preferred because of their low cost. However, the passage notes that the cost of renewable technologies has plummeted. For instance, the price of solar photovoltaic electricity and onshore wind power has dropped significantly in recent years, making them competitive with traditional power stations in many regions, including Australia. Diverse Technological Frontiers
Based on commonly analyzed versions of this IELTS text (e.g., Mini-IELTS renewable energy dreams become reality ielts reading answers
How engineering innovations turned "dreams" (like offshore wind farms or concentrated solar power) into viable energy contributors. One of the primary themes in the reading
: Utilizes geothermal heat from deep underground for massive energy potential. IELTS Online Tests renewable energy dreams become reality ielts reading answers